Adrian Colon Colon 1 Essays - Philosophy, Empiricists,

Adrian Colon 1 Ms.Cavanaugh World History April 23, 2017 Period of the Enlightenment The Enlightenment lead progress to the period of human development. During the late seventeenth and mid eighteenth century in Europe, The Enlightenment was a philosophical and scholarly development to improve social development. There were numerous scholars and logicians who changed the world, however didn't do everything same way. A couple of them were Thomas Hobbes, Immanuel Kant, and John Locke. The period of edification was a scholarly development that tested request and the manner in which rationalists thought of government. Hobbes was a thinker that accepted that a Monarchy was the best kind of government for human progress . Hobbes tested the administration, accepting that an Absolute Monarchy would be best for the progress. . In the content, it says .... Since individuals kept their best interests in mind, Hobbes stated, the ruler required all out capacity to monitor residents (Hobbes, Pg#1). Hobbes accepted that human advancement was crazy since it's rulers were not controlling the individuals to cause them to accept what is correct and what's going on. In Hobbes see, such a legislature was an Absolute Monarchy, which could force request and request submission. Hobbes accepted that human progress needs to turn into an Absolute Monarchy since it could bring request and the individuals from accepting different things. Hobbes and Kant were totally different, however had a similar thought for the world, to improve the world . Colon 2 The time of reason carried numerous individuals to have an independent perspective. Edification was accepted to be man's leaving his-self caused immaturity(Kant). Numerous individuals conflicted with this conviction in light of the fact that not every person preferred the thought or having an independent mind. Kant said ..... it isn't brought about by absence of knowledge, however by absence of assurance and mental fortitude to utilize one's insight without out being guided by another. Human progress equipped for having an independent perspective, yet simply don't have any desire to attempt to have an independent mind. Locke was the dad of the edification and motivational to numerous scholars. The time of illumination was a scholarly development that tested request and the intensity of people to take care of issues. John Locke was the father of the illumination and was extremely moving to different rationalists. Locke was accepted to control numerous logicians to changing the world in their own specific manners.

Effect Fast Food Essay Example for Free

Impact Fast Food Essay Quick nourishments have become a typical pattern among numerous people. A great many people would consistently say they dont have time henceforth select quick nourishments. With the progression of current innovation these nourishments are made in way that leaves addresses unanswered. In spite of research indicating natural food, for example, meat and poultry serve better nutritious enhancements, the vast majority will in general depend on quick nourishments, for example, vanilla and, grill all the more so in U. S. A. (Alexander, 22). There are some negative viewpoints pegged to present day food creation methods in the general public. Present day food creation methods are exorbitant henceforth it isn't helpful for poor ranchers since it includes logical information. Notwithstanding its predominance for about in 13year in U. S. A. the discussion about quick nourishments has become the overwhelming focus in todays conversation. This paper attempts to specify the impacts of quick nourishments that are shown in our contemporary society. Initially, Modern techniques likewise utilize apparatus which isn't accessible to each rancher on the planet consequently, it forgets about the poor ranchers as they can't manage the cost of the supplies required and, it additionally includes overwhelming speculation particularly when rearing certain yields for improving their nutritive qualities. All the while, different components are brought into them. It additionally constructs the view in individuals that, lone current delivered nourishments are useful for utilization thus, the food sources created utilizing customary strategies are, saw to be of lesser worth. Conventional ranchers are in this way forgotten about with their own produce making them to endure monetarily (Schlosser, 112). It additionally saw that, nourishments created utilizing present day creations are likewise exorbitant. Notwithstanding, the unavoidable issue is the reason the vast majority scramble for them? Additionally, there is incredible dread on the planet that hereditarily altered nourishments have colossal adverse wellbeing Impacts on people groups wellbeing. Thus, present day food creation is currently concentrating on wellbeing of nourishments devoured by clients by presenting new strategies and, best in class handling techniques have been found to guarantee that significant supplements are safeguarded. There is a massive spotlight on wellbeing in nourishments being obvious in the territory of value measures and security. Security prerequisites are of worldwide criticalness along the entire food creation line, from gather of crude materials to capacity of handled nourishments in homes (Wilk, 77). The key concern thusly is stifling the development of undesirable living beings that may ruin food. These activities have impacts on the wellbeing of the general public since; they wipe out the odds of food contamination. So also, current food creation strategies are likewise progressively centered around meeting explicit dietary requirements for the general public. With the expanded information on the significance of different supplements, diets can likewise be created to address explicit issue as various plant fixings have just been demonstrated to be helpful in ailment anticipation. With the expanding information on the significance of different supplements, diets can be created to address explicit issues. There is a wide scope of food intended to suit the nourishing prerequisites of different gatherings, for example, the old, eager or bosom taking care of moms, newborn children, small kids and sportspersons. Such nourishments are portrayed by a decent sythesis of vitality providers as fats, sugars and proteins. Also, they have mixed drinks of nutrients and minerals formed by the present condition of logical information. For some older, they have a preferred position that, similar nourishments may give a fair eating routine and, an adequate flexibly of nutrients. Likewise, fundamental amino acids and minerals are given without changing long standing propensities. Use of current food creation techniques has additionally demonstrated to expand the degrees of yield in ranches. Present day techniques lead to high turnout of food creation. There are a few explanations behind the reasons for negative effects of current food creation in the contemporary society. It is apparent that, because of the high information required in the creation, just a couple of organizations will have the option to pool the assets and aptitude to complete the examinations and creation (Brown, 68). A portion of these organizations are deceitful and, will charge such a great amount on their items since there are less rivals in the market consequently, being a weight to the general public as they are constrained to pay more. Additionally, there are different specialists who just case to have improved a specific food in type of its nutritive worth yet, it isn't simply to get income sans work. The customers don't know about that henceforth, they wind up purchasing the items not realizing they have been conned. What's more, absence of guideline by governments is another reason for negative effect on the wellbeing. This is on the grounds that, some food creating organizations won't do enough investigations while hereditarily adjusting a few nourishments subsequently, may wind up being deadly to the societys wellbeing. In any case, present day nourishments have had various positive effects. With the headway of logical information in plants and hereditary building, it is conceivable to present even create allergen free plants which are alright for the general public. Hereditary building is utilized to create allergens in sums adequate for logical investigation. The fundamental point is to deliver assortments which have no prevalent allergens and along these lines oblige even easily affected purchasers. Additionally with refined innovative endeavors, it is conceivable to satisfy security guidelines while keeping up organoleptic quality. Undesirable small scale life forms in nourishments need dampness, unbiased pH esteems, low salt and sugar focus and moderate temperatures to develop. This has called for measures to be attempted to forestall the development of these miniaturized scale living beings significantly after mellow handling conditions, e. g different mixes of warmth and corrosive medicines. The utilization of innovation on the expansion of antimicrobials, attractive field heartbeats or PC supported structure of gear that is effortlessly cleaned. As warming can annihilate delicate food fixings, for example nutrients, present day beat heat treatment includes exceptionally short warming sprinkled with cooling stages. Another approach to battle microbial development is water extraction, as modern microwave drying of natural products or shower drying of milk. Microwave drying offers the benefit of moderately low temperatures joined with the decrease of prior dampness levels bringing about safeguarding important supplements and flavors. These days, food symptomatic techniques are additionally being utilized to decide the state of nourishments by checking the temperatures, corrosive substance, nearness of certain metabolic items or, the amount and sort of smaller scale creatures in an example of wellbeing controls. Other than traditional practices, for example, physiochemical portrayals, best in class sub-atomic hereditary qualities techniques are likewise broadly used to distinguish decay microorganisms. New tests dependent on sub-atomic hereditary qualities can likewise be utilized to explore a nourishments cause. Present day food creation strategies likewise act decidedly by improving the accommod ating miniaturized scale creatures which contribute both to flavor and conservation of food stuffs. Low income among the individuals in the general public, has prompted saturation of quick nourishments since, low gaining individuals for the most part would want to buy the quick food sources as opposed to different food sources in order to have the option to take care of tabs. It is obvious that, quick nourishments may on occasion cost lesser when contrasted with other sound food sources. Additionally, the general public isn't worried in what they eat yet are prepared to devour the quick nourishments not withstanding their belongings to their wellbeing (Meeks, 122). The inexpensive food industry is encountering a gigantic development and accomplishment because of the changing way of life in the general public whereby, individuals are done doing arduous occupations so they wind up leaning toward quick nourishments. It is additionally apparent that quick nourishments are less expensive contrasted with different nourishments so individuals are slanted to get them because of current fin ancial circumstances. All in all, the general public these days is a working one where individuals have no opportunity to get ready food subsequently; they want to stroll into cheap food outlets and buy as opposed to investing energy cooking. The general public is additionally encountering changed dietary patterns and, individuals are not all that much worried about their wellbeing in this way they purchase quick nourishments. There is likewise a developing interest in quick nourishments for the most part connected to the expanding populace development and furthermore ads. Quick nourishments are additionally addictive and henceforth once one is utilized to them it is difficult to leave.

The Internets Role In Any Organization - Free Essay Example

1.0 Introduction The Internet plays an important role as it is revolutionizing the way in which business is conducted around the world. In new millennium with the emergence of electronic system, organizations are strained to shift their operation from traditional way to e-business had lead clear increase in global competition which threaten existing businesses and modernize business practices. Apart from that, technology is consider an integrate part of any business as technology can contribute to economic growth, increases productivity and quality of products as well as increases competitive advantages of industrial sectors. Besides, the developing of technology is in an increasing pace and dramatically changes business models in business sector. In such competitive environment resulted from globalization, firms must create more dynamic strategy over their competitor to survive in the business sector. Due to competition from various companies has increased as advancements in technology; it has broken down the traditional barriers to entry the market. Therefore, at the ever changing world, procurement process has been transformed into strategic resources. The use of new technology in procurement has provided substantial benefits. However, some organizations are exploiting competitive advantage through mergers, acquisitions, supply and distribution channel imptovements (Hamel and Prahalad 1994), as cited in Longenecker and Ariss (2002). 2.0 Research Objective 1. To determine that whether e-procurement can achieve competitive advantage 2. To investigate whether total quality management can achieve competitive advantage 3. To examining whether implementation of e-procurement in total quality management can help to achieve further competitive advantage. 3.0 Research Questions 1. Does e-procurement results in competitive advantage? 2. Does total quality management results in competitive advantage? 3. Does implementation of e-procurement in total quality management can help to achieve further competitive advantage? 4.0 Hypotheses 1. E-Procurement can result in competitive advantage. 2. Total quality management can result in competitive advantage. 3. Implementation of e-procurement in total quality management can provide further competitive advantage. Literature Review 5.0 E-Procurement and Competitive Advantage 5.1 Conceptualization of E-Procurement Nowadays, the evolution of e-procurement is becoming more successively and interested on a global scale. According to Min and Galle (2003), e-procurement is defined as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"business-to-business purchasing practice that utilizes electronic commerce to identify potential sources of supply, to purchase goods and services, to transfer payment, and to interact with suppliersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (as cited in Pearcy and Giunipero 2008, p.26). Besides that, electronic procurement consists of e-Maintenance Repair Operate (MRO), web-based Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), e-sourcing, e-tendering, e-auctioning, e-exchanges and e-informing (Min and Galle 2001; Knudsen 2003; Walker and Harland 2008). Apart from that, an Aberdeen Group (2001) found that e-procurement technologies are divided into 2 categories: direct procurement and indirect procurement (cited in Angeles and Nath 2007). Direct procurement is the purchase of high volume raw materials that used in the manufacturing process of a finished product (Harrigan et al. 2008). Whereas indirect procurement is the purchase of maintenance, materials and operation goods that are not directly involved in the production process such as office supplies, personal computers and advertising (Bof and Previtali 2007). Apart from that, procurement process involves a complex series of events which allows a firm to more from the basic need to reaching a final purchase decision through technical specification and potential supplier evaluation (Robinson et al. 1967, cited in Osmonbekov et al. 2002). Hence, many firms in diverse industries adopt the strategy of e-procurement and focus on restructuring the entire order-to-delivery process rath er than specific task in order to improve the efficiency of purchasing or supply management function as well as reduce operation costs of organization. 5.2 Conceptualization of Competitive Advantage The achievement of sustainable competitive advantage has long been the goal of companies and organizations. However, due to the rapid change in the global environment, researchers from various backgrounds have come up with their own different perspectives to identify definition of competitive advantage. In traditional industry, the importance of industry structure and market position plays significant roles to achieve competitive advantage (Porter 1980, cited in Ma 1999; Passemard and Kleiner 2000). According to Pfeffer and Vega (1991), the conceptualization of competitive advantage can be described as organizational practice, resource and asset that used to improve an organizationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s competitive position in the marketplace (as cited in Longenecker and Ariss 2002). Porter (1985) further description on à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"competitive advantage grows out of the firmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s unique ability in creating superior customer valueà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (as cited in Ma 2002, p.525). However, recently, Rindova and Fombrun (1999), state that competitive advantage is built on relationship and not an exchanges sustained social interactions in impressions which may affect future behaviors (cited in Tzokas and Saren 2004). 5.3 Competitive strategies in E-Procurement à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"E-procurement has been seen to have the potential to play a pivotal role in a firmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s endeavours to create a competitive cost advantage that lasts for many years, hence grounding sustainable competitive advantageà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (Bloomberg et al. 2002, p. 14) cited in (Pires and Stanton 2005). In order to achieve sustainable competitive advantage, company should concern on the implementation of organizational business strategy in area of e-procurement. However, if the organization fails to apply a successful strategy, it will result in loss of business productivity and competitiveness which will undermine the long-term performance of the organization. Apart from that, a firm can enhance its market position and competitive strength by developing procurement strategy. Below are the competitive strategies which e-procurement can achieve competitive advantage: 5.3.1 Cost Reduction The reduction of purchasing cost has been recognized as one of the most significant purposes in procurement (Collis and Montgomery 1995), since the average manufacturing firm spends half of its sales revenue on the purchase of materials (cited in Ordanini and Rubera 2008). Furthermore, research shows that by using e-procurement can achieve cost saving which average reduction in purchase price of 17 per cent (Bartezzaghi and Ronchi 2005, cited as Harrigan et al. 2008). Additionally, by implementing e-procurement in an organization, it can help us to reduce purchase price of materials and costs that related to internal workflow of activities such as equipment and labour costs. With the use of electronic procurement, transactions can be proceed through HTML, EDI, e-mail and Internet which can eliminate the usage paper requisition for placing order, invoice as well as receipt (Sarkis et al. 2004). Additionally, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Companies using e-procurement have reported savings up to 42% in purchasing transaction cost associated with less paperwork, which translates into fewer mistakes and more efficient purchasing process (Davila et al. 2002). 5.3.2 Efficiency Maximization E-procurement can improve the efficiency of the process which order fulfillment time can shortened up to 80 per cent (Minahan 2001, cited in Harrigan et al. 2008) as well as reduced the inventory levels (Min and Galle 2003). Thus, e-procurement has impact on the purchasing cycle time and delivery time. In order to achieve high quality performance, mostly organizations has seen the benefits of applying new technologies in its manufacturing processes because it can manufacture in a high volume production without any concerns in regards to cost. The investment in advanced equipment has enabled the company to achieve a high level of process capability that could not achieve by manual processes. Due to there are many repetitive and complicated tasks that machines can do which human being cannot do it. According to Bof and Previtali (2007), electronic procurement can accelerated the flow of important information between buyers and suppliers as well as elimination of transaction errors by transform the way of purchasing raw material from traditional methods to online. Currently, the use of internet serve as a foundation of data flow for strategic manufacturing purpose in e-procurement such as using barcodes in firms to manage the raw material. As the workflow automatically routes information through the purchasing process without re-keying all the date, user can use it easily and with a minimal error. According to Smith and Correa (2005), they stated that by using e-business can lead to highly accurate information gathering though proper database via internet and it enable to indentify each product moving throughout supply chain. Apart from that, the information that recorded in the system are stored in a real-time fashion, therefore, users can acquire an accurate tracking in supply chain compared with the traditional manual methods. Therefore the adoption of e-procurement will improve efficiency that can strengthen competitive advantage in firms and industries. In general, firms should adopt the e-procurement strategies to achieve competitive advantage among the competitors. For instance, firms need to learn the management practices which are reduce production costs by elimination waste and achieving higher efficiency to capture the attention of the suppliers. 6.0 Total Quality Management and Competitive Advantage 6.1 Conceptualization of Total Quality Management (TQM) Since 1980s, TQM has been regarded as one of the competitive strategies for firm to improve their competitive advantage and has widely implemented throughout the world (Kuei et al. 2001; Brah et al. 2002; Rad 2006). Besides that, TQM has been widely regarded as rational structure and scientific tools for the improvement of quality as well as improve competitive advantage (Sun 2000; Li et al. 2002). There is no universally agreed definition on TQM as many researchers have their own beliefs and prejudices towards the term (Martinez-Lorente 1998; Sun 2000; Psychogios and Priporas 2007; KlefsjÃÆ' ¶ et al. 2008). However, the definition provided by researchers is more like vague descriptions than definitions and contain terms as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ a philosophy, which à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ an approach for à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (KlefsjÃÆ' ¶ et al. 2008). As just an example, Rad (2006) defines TQM as a philosophy which provides a template for success to an organization through customer satisfaction. On the other hand, in recent years, a tendency toward agreement on a system perspective of TQM has been suggested. One such definition is from Hellsten and KlefsjÃÆ' ¶ (2000), who define TQM as a continuously evolving management system consisting of core values, methodologies and tools, the aim of which is to increase external and internal customer satisfaction with a reduced amount of resources (cited in KlefsjÃÆ' ¶ et al. 2008, p. 121). The definition provided by Hellsten and KlefsjÃÆ' ¶ (2000) is stated clearly as it consists of three components which are interdependent and supporting each of the values to sustaining a culture based on a kernel of core values. 6.2 Competitive strategies in TQM In order to compete with the increasingly of competitors, it has forced organizations find ways to reduce costs while maintaining customer satisfaction and making continuous improvement to the products. Since 1980, TQM has been recognized as a way to achieve goal by establishing a quality-based culture for improving customer satisfaction. Apart from that, TQM has been widely recognized as one of the most competitive weapon, if implemented successfully, provides a competitive advantage for organizations through quality (Martins and Toledo 2000; Beskese and Cebeci 2001; Prajogo and Sohal 2004). In order to achieve the goals of organization, they should implementing successful TQM strategies. 6.2.1 Quality Focus Currently, TQM have become a key focus for organizations as it considers as tools for improvement quality. According to Mandel et al. (2000), he noted that the implication of quality as a factor of international planning. Quality improvement refers to the efforts on increasing effectiveness and efficiency in order to satisfy customer expectations (Talha 2004). Organizations must plan the strategic to implement quality improvement planning into their business plan. If the organization has emphasized quality as an important strategic, this will leads to higher sales and operating profits as well as improve the competitive positions of the firm as the customers will pay more to quality products that satisfy them. Also, nowadays customers are become more sophisticated, continuous improvement in product quality is essential to satisfy their needs. Therefore, once the organizations satisfy the requirements of customer, items are producing according to specifications, it will minimizing defective items and the cost of rework (Khan 2003). Yet, TQM will increase the organizationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s competitive advantage because they concentrated on the improvements to offer superior quality of products to its customers (Martins and Toledo 2000). Hence, quality improvement is essential for the very survival of a company to achieve competitive advantage. 6.2.2 Customer Focus Customers have their expectations towards an organization which they patronize. If the expectations are not met, they will get dissatisfied and stop patronizing the organization; hence customer satisfaction is one of the important elements to attain competitive advantage. According to Bergman and Klefsjo (2003), à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"satisfied customer are loyal customers and loyal customers are profitable customers and profitable customers make lucrative businesses and happy ownersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (cited in Bergquist et al. 2005, p. 312). However, customers are usually irrational. In order to develop their potential quality, companies need to develop the strategies on customer focus. Generally, customer focus means as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"the activities of the companies are intended to benefit the customer but the customer is seen from the companiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ own perspectiveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (Lagrosen 2001, p.350). Organizations should make an effort to gain information regarding the needs and wants of the customer rather than always focus on the companiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ view of product and its features. 6.2.3 Process Focus The goal of process management is to zeroing down the defective and failures rate as well as reduce process variation by building quality into the production process which can reduced cost. According to Ou et al. (n.d.), inferior quality manufacturing process will increase high scrap rate and rework rate which will lead to use more resource to produce qualified products. Therefore, firms should concern on process management to avoid the occurrences of unnecessary costs such as waste costs by finding quality problems immediately. TQM implementation can directly increasing firmsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ quality performance by improving manufacturing process, has indirect effects on increasing customer satisfaction as well as the reputation of firms. By reducing unnecessary waste cost such as waste of production, avoidable process and waste of defects, firms can put into practice of lean production. According to Womack and Jones (1996), à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"lean production has its origin in philosophy of achieving improvements in most economical ways with special focus on reducing waste (cited in Dahlgaard and Dahlgaard-Park 2006, p. 264). For instance, firm can designing the production process and giving orders and instructions to the workers. The improvement of manufacturing efficiency will improve customersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ satisfaction and eventually the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s financial performance. 6.3 Adoption of e-Procurement in Total Quality Management to achieve Competitive Advantage There is no clearly evidence shows that the adoption of e-procurement in total quality management can achieve further competitive advantage, however it can be shows that the ways of both e-procurement and TQM are almost using same strategies to achieve competitive advantage. 6.3.1 Business-to-business (B2B) E-procurement E-procurement is defined as the use of information technologies to facilitate business-to-business (B2B) purchase transactions for materials and services (Wu et al. 2007, cited in Walker and Harland 2008). With the development of B2B e-procurement, the traditional method of business are replaced by the electronically transactions. Besides that, BCB e-procurement can help TQM in achieving competitive advantage. 6.3.1.1 Cost Minimization Application of e-procurement practices into total quality management is beneficial as it can improve facilitation of efficient and cost-effective trading routes to conduct business. According to Harrigan et al. (2008), e-procurement can reduce purchasing costs by amending the way raw materials are purchasing from traditional methods to online ordering. With the implementation of e-procurement, transactions can be proceed via e-mail, electronic data interchange, fax which can directly eliminate paper usage such as invoice, receipts as well as paper catalogs. However, Turban et al. (2006) argues that systematic procurement transactions tend to waste time on non-value-adding activities such as handling errors in ordering and invoicing, data entry which often time consuming and costly to trace (cited in Aboelmaged 2009). 6.3.1.2 Efficiency Maximization Apart from the cost reductions arising from transactional, e-procurement can also contribute to efficient purchasing process in many ways. As earlier mention, TQM have been emphasized that its main focus is improving productà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s quality, therefore it may be less paying attention on giving maximize efficiency. Consequently, by implementation e-procurement in TQM can achieve maximum efficiency. It is obvious that e-procurement greatly helps improve communication with suppliers providing access to the information 24 hours a day. Therefore, the system availability can makes it easier for businesses to receive order from the supplier and summit an order. By providing greater access, firms can reduce the purchasing cycle time and improved performance between buyers and suppliers. According to Choudhury et al. (1998), repetition in the procurement system will increase the efficiency and result in a higher level of electronic integration between buyers and suppliers (cited in Walker and Harland 2008). 6.3.1.3 Methods of B2B e-procurement Previously, most of the organizations are using traditional modes of communication such as phone, fax, memo and face-to-face. However, through evolution of the technologies, organizations can improve the speed in business transactions through the utilization of the B2B e-procurement methods: 1. Reverse Auctions. A reverse e-auction is a form of the electronic data communication which provides a forum wherein several suppliers compete online for contracts offered by a customer (Tassabehji et al. 2006). Due to no human intervention along with computerized accessible format, it can help both parties gain form less paperwork, shorted cycle times for circulation requesters for quotations, faster responses to potential bidders and reduced transaction costs (Plouffe et al. 2001). 2. Lean procurement. Lean procurement generally imply on small quantity of products purchased frequently from few suppliers, who deliver the items in exact quantities at the specific time and place (Wilson and Roy 2009). It also further noted that lean procurement unlike the traditional purchasing system such as TQM where the price considerations, suppliers are evaluated through the reliability, behaviors, performance as well as price. Based on the traditional purchasing system, the relationship between buyers and suppliers are based on the long-term trust and commitment. 3. Internet. Through internet, companies have ability to speed up the business transactions through a faster way as it allows companies to pay invoices and payment electronically. Besides that, the use of internet through videoconferencing provides a visual contract which allows companies communicate with the suppliers (Samaniego 2006). 7.0 Theoretical Framework Competitive Advantage E-Procurement Total Quality Management 8.0 Research Methods 8.1 Explanatory My research is about the ways of e-procurement and total quality management in achieving competitive advantage of organizations. In the literature review, I am explaining the relationship between e-procurement and competitive advantage as well as total quality management and competitive advantage; therefore my research is an explanatory study. According to Saunders et al. (2009), explanatory study is known as causal study which is emphasizes on explaining the relationships between variables. 8.2 Research Philosophy The research philosophy that I adopt in the literature review is epistemology. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Epistemology concerns what constitutes acceptable knowledge in a field of studyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (Saunders et al, 2009, p. 112). This research will be mostly exploring the strategies of how e-procurement and TQM to achieve competitive advantage. Besides that, although many successful cases that shows that e-procurement and TQM can provide competitive advantage to an organization. However, I may not be able to know that e-procurement and TQM can achieve competitive advantage. Therefore, I a going to do this research to find out how e-procurement and TQM can help an organization achieve competitive advantage. Furthermore, the fact that it is an explanatory study also makes this research epistemology. Both the cause and the effect are known under an explanatory effect. In this research, I will acts as a positivist. A positivist will prefer à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"working with an observable social reality and that the end products of such research can be law-like generalizations similar to those produced by the physical and natural scientistsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (Remenyi et al., 1998, p. 32, as cited in Saunders et al., 2009, p. 113). Therefore, I will only based on the quantifiable observations which I can see, hear and touch to develop hypotheses. 8.3 Approach Deductive approach is an approach of working from more general idea to a more specific idea and also known as waterfall approach and therefore, conclusion follows logically from the premises (Gill Johnson, 2010). My research will utilize deductive approach since the theory and hypothesis have been created at the starting of the research. Besides that, the research itself is an observation to further confirm the relationship between e-procurement, TQM and competitive advantage as well as allows me to test and confirm my hypothesis. 8.4 Method The research measurements used in this study will be mixture of qualitative and quantitative factors. A quantitative research aims at determining the relationship between one thing and another (Denzin Lincon, 2005). A qualitative research is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"used to address research questions that require explanation or understanding of social phenomena and their contextsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (Ritchie and Lewis, 2003). In this research, I will more focus on quantitative research instead of qualitative research. By using quantitative research, I can find out the following data: 1. The percentage of organizations which are successfully achieving competitive advantage after adoption of either e-procurement, TQM, or both. 2. The percentage of organizations which adopt neither e-procurement nor TQM, but have achieved competitive advantage. Besides that, I plan to apply structured questionnaire and interview which form by structured questions and answers. Structured interviews use questionnaires based on standardized set of questions which can be result more accurate and credible data. Although quantitative research is the main focus in this research, qualitative research is still under consideration towards these issues. Under qualitative methods, I will be using semi-structured and in-depth questionnaire and interview. A semi-structured questionnaire or interview is where the questions are structured but the answers are left unstructured. However, in-depth questionnaire or interview is where both the questions and answers are unstructured. Therefore, my research choice is Mixed Methods whereby both quantitative and qualitative methods are being considered. 8.5 Strategies The strategies that can be implemented in conducting this research are survey. Survey is a research strategy that involves the structured collection of data from a sizeable population (Saunders et al., 2009). The reason for choosing survey as my strategy is survey allows me to collect the quantitative data which I can analyze quantitatively using statistics. By using survey, I can easily calculate the percentage of increase in profits after implementing e-procurement and TQM. Through the survey, questionnaire will be given. Structured questionnaires bring convenience for me when carrying out the percentage calculation. Another strategy that can be implemented is archival research which makes use of administrative records and documents as the principal source of data (Saunders et al., 2009). In this research, archival research can used to identify the companies in the past that have been successful in achieving e-procurement and TQM and changing effects that has led to their success. 8.6 Sampling Sampling techniques are used to define the target population by keeping with the objectives of the study. Hence, sampling methods are techniques for collecting sub-volumes from larger volume of target population (Groves et al., 2010). Sample selection will be done on a random basis to avoid selection bias. In this research, the sampling method that will be use is stratified random sampling. Stratified random sampling is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"a modification of random sampling in which you divide the population into two or more relevant strata based on one or a number of attributesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (Saunders et al., 2009, p. 228). I will divide all companies in Malaysia into 4 groups which are companies that implement e-procurement, companies that implement TQM, companies that implement both e-procurement and TQM as well as companies that do not implement both e-procurement and TQM. In this case, companies will be selected using random sampling. Besides that, 50 questionnaires will be distri buted randomly to every company. 8.7 Time Horizon In terms of time horizon, my research will be considered as cross-sectional study. Cross-sectional study refers to data gathered only once over a period of time. Since this research must complete within 1 month, I am not be able to analyze the development of e-procurement in future. Therefore, my research will more focus on the e-procurement of e-procurement nowadays and explain the relationship between every variable. Besides that, this research typically deals with historical data, hence the necessity to get results frequently is comparatively low as the industry conditions will not change rapidly. 8.8 Possible Result For the hypothesis of this research to be true, it must be supported by the fact that adoption of e-procurement in TQM can provide further competitive advantage. Besides that, the results of the survey as well as archival research should show that the companies that implement neither e-procurement nor TQM can achieve competitive advantage. However, if the result of this research shows that the adoption of e-procurement in TQM does not achieve competitive advantage then the hypothesis of the research will be proven false. 9.0 Conclusion Based on reading of literature, I can suggest that hypothesis of this research paper is accepted. It clearly shows that e-procurement and TQM on business can achieve and sustaining competitive advantage in business world nowadays. The development of e-procurement does give a huge impact on business management will continuing technological revolution provides a number of challenges for firms today. An efficient e-procurement should implement competitive strategies to achieve competitive advantage as well as enhance market position in market. Besides that, a further competitive advantage can be gained by implementing e-procurement in TQM. Hence, it can be concluded that adoption of both e-procurement and TQM can bring organization to achieve further competitive advantage. However, in practice, TQM benefits are not easy to achieve. Many organizations and companies have difficulties in implementing TQM due to lack of consistent senior management commitment, superficial knowledge of imple menters of TQM as well as lack of strategic plan for change. In other words, TQM can have a dramatic impact on an organization. (4258 words) 10.0 References Aberdeen Group. (2001). Best Practices in e-Procurement: The Abridged Report. Aberdeen Group, Boston, MA. Cited in Angeles, R. and Nath, R. (2007). Business-to-business e-procurement: success factors and challenges to implementation. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal. Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 104-115. Aboelmaged, M.G. (2009). Predicting e-procurement adoption in a developing country. Industrial Management and Data Systems. Vol. 110, No. 3, pp. 392-414. Angeles, R. and Nath, R. (2007). Business-to-business e-procurement: success factors and challenges to implementation. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal. Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 104-115. Bartezzaghi, E. and Ronchi, S. (2005). E-sourcing in a buyer-operator-seller perspective: benefits and criticalities. Production Planning and Control. Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 405-412. Cited in Harrigan, P.O., Boyd, M.M., Ramsey, E. and Ibbotson, P. (2008). The development of e-procurement within the ICT manufacturing industry in Ireland. Management Decision. 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The effects of Total Quality Management on Business Performance: Evidence from Taiwan Information-Related Industries. [Online]. Available from: https://aaahq.org/mas/MASPAPERS2007/research_forum/Ou,%20Liu,%20Hung%20and%20Yen.pdf Longenecker, C.O. and Ariss, S.S. (2002). Creating competitive advantage through effective management education. Journal of Management Development. Vol. 21, No. 9, pp. 640-654. Ma, H. (1999). Creation and preemption for competitive advantage. Management Decision. Vol. 37, No. 3, pp. 259-266. Ma, H. (2002). Competitive Advantage: Whatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s luck got to do with it?. Management Decision. Vol. 40, No. 6, pp. 525-536. Mandel, P., Love, P.E.D., Sohal, A.S. and Bhadury, B. (2000). The propagation of quality management concepts in the Indian manufacturing industry: some empirical observations. The TQM Magazine. Vol. 12, No. 3, pp. 205-213. Martinez-Lorente, A.R. (1998). Total Quality Management: Origins and Evolution of the term. [Online]. 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The tragic plot of Othello hinges on the potential of the villain, Iago, to deceive other characters, above all Roderigo and Othello, through encouraging them to misinterpret what they see. Othello is prone to Iago s ploys seeing that he himselfRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare941 Words   |  4 Pageswas Williams Shakespeare’s play Othello which depicts the tragedy of Othello, a Morris Captain. What is different about Shakespeare play is that the tragic hero is the black Othello and the villain a white Iago. Therefore, Shakespeare depiction of Othello as a tragic character and Iago as a villain, challenges Elizabethan’s stereotypes regarding individuals of African descent. Shakespeare challenges the stereotypical â€Å"type –casting of the black man† in Elizabethan society by depicting Othello asRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1152 Words   |  5 Pages‘Othello’ was a tragedy of incomprehension at the deepest level of human dealings as no one in the play came to an understanding of himself or any of the surrounding characters. The play ‘Othello’ by William Shakespeare focused on tragedy through the anguish of the main character ‘Othello’ which lead to the suffering and death of numerous characters including himself. Appearance Vs. Reality challenged human dealings within the play ‘Othello’ as no-one came to see anyone’s true self and no-one seesRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1178 Words   |  5 Pagesprofitable in condition of good and immorality. Othello is presented as good and Iago as evil, but Iago and Othello’s relationship also shares a distrust of their wives. The overall logical argument is based on love, jealousy and betrayal between two lovers that ultimately leads to their separation because of Iago’s evil plan. I am using this article to agree with Berry s view on how Iago separates two lovers just so he can take retaliation on Othello by manipulating everyone to unmasking their trueRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1140 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Othello† is a play written by William Shakespeare in 1603. In this play, Shakespeare features three major characters: Othello, Iago, and Desdemona. Othello, a black man, and Desdemona, a white venetian secretly eloped in the play. Iago shows racism and prejudice towards their relationship because of their skin colors. In the play, Iago says: â€Å"Even now, now, very now, an old black ram is tupping your white ewe. Arise, arise! Awake the snorting citizens with the bell, or else the devil will make a

The Morning Guy by Mark W. Gray Essay Example For Students

The Morning Guy by Mark W. Gray Essay The Morning Guy, (Gray, 2003) directed, produced and written by Mark W. Gray, is a short film depicting the bitter end of a marriage in the matter of minutes. From a first outside glance of the couples home, nothing seems adrift. Their cookie-cuter bungalow, average car and proudly displayed American flag imply a sense of normalcy, though this first impression is quickly proven a misconception when the dreaded morning alarm clock goes off. From there, the female character reveals an inability to cope with the husband characters unique behaviour. The man relentlessly acts as a morning radio broadcast, integrating it into his daily routine. Throughout the short film, close-ups are utilized not only to bring greater meaning to the objects showcased but for the overall message of mental illness in daily life as well. This is done through a close up of the alarm clock, the toothbrush and the cup coffee. In the sixth scene, a tilt shot captures a picture frame of a married couple and an alarm clock in a close up. To begin, though seemingly mundane, these two objects are essential to the plot and foreshadow the following narrative. The picture frame introduces both main characters to the audience as a happily married couple. The camera movement chosen to showcase this frame is a tilt, filming from top to bottom, therefore implying a joyful beginning and a slow descent into dysphoria. Furthermore, the tilt ending on the alarm clock is important to note because it foreshadows that the clock, symbolic of the male characters behaviour, is the cause of their marriage ending. Secondly, the lighting Mise-en-scAne brings the viewers attention to the alarm clock time. A glimmer of light hits the clock to showcase the changing time, from 6:59 AM to 7:00 AM, and thus forcing the viewer to catch this key detail. Thirdly, in relation to the time changing, the close up of the clock allows for a sudden change of tone when analyzed in relation to the non-diegetic sounds. The non-diegetic, peaceful morning music ends as soon as the clock strikes 7:00, thus implying a sudden change in atmosphere; sleeping peacefully versus waking up. After the absence of music, a radio broadcaster blares through the clock. It is later revealed that the voice is not coming from the radio, but from the male character. Because the voice is accompanied by a typical news jingle and seemingly emerges from the radio, it implies that sound is diegetic, though because the voice is of the man in the room, it would be impossible for his voice to be accompanied by a radio jingle. This proves that the man believes himself to be a radio broadcaster and therefore hints towards mental illness. Schizophrenia is defined by the Canadian Mental Health Association as a mental illness that affects the way you understand and interact with the world around you ( Â ¦) may start to experience problems concentrating, thinking or communicating clearly, or taking part in their usual activities. At the height of the episode, people may experience breaks from reality called psychosis. These could be hallucinations (sensations, like voices, that arent real) and delusions (strong beliefs that arent true, like the belief that they have superpowers). _ and through the male characters belief that he is truly a broadcaster, it can be perceived as a mild case of psychosis. This is further supported by the next object close up, the toothbrush. To commence, the close up of the toothbrush is significant for the greater message of the short film because it supports the pattern of a schizophrenic episode. In the shot preceding the close up of the toothbrush, the male character continues his morning monologue, oblivious to how enraged the female character becomes as a result. .u101abe169a3691a8704d16f8a8f949f1 , .u101abe169a3691a8704d16f8a8f949f1 .postImageUrl , .u101abe169a3691a8704d16f8a8f949f1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u101abe169a3691a8704d16f8a8f949f1 , .u101abe169a3691a8704d16f8a8f949f1:hover , .u101abe169a3691a8704d16f8a8f949f1:visited , .u101abe169a3691a8704d16f8a8f949f1:active { border:0!important; } .u101abe169a3691a8704d16f8a8f949f1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u101abe169a3691a8704d16f8a8f949f1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u101abe169a3691a8704d16f8a8f949f1:active , .u101abe169a3691a8704d16f8a8f949f1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u101abe169a3691a8704d16f8a8f949f1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u101abe169a3691a8704d16f8a8f949f1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u101abe169a3691a8704d16f8a8f949f1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u101abe169a3691a8704d16f8a8f949f1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u101abe169a3691a8704d16f8a8f949f1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u101abe169a3691a8704d16f8a8f949f1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u101abe169a3691a8704d16f8a8f949f1 .u101abe169a3691a8704d16f8a8f949f1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u101abe169a3691a8704d16f8a8f949f1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Schindler’S List Essay Research PaperHe is so immersed that he completely ignores her as she storms out of the bathroom and continues as if nothing occurred, thus proving that he is living in his own fictional world. Secondly, the shots leading up to the extreme close up of the toothbrush are quick cuts between the woman brushing her teeth and him talking to himself in the background. The woman is obviously ignoring his commentary, though there is a cut to a close up of him monologuing, therefore supporting the argument that he is talking to himself and thus suffering from a mental illness. Lastly, the diegetic sound in the extreme close up of the toothbrush is further proof that the greater meaning is mental illness in daily life because of how it is integrated into the actions of the male character. As the man brushes his teeth, he imagines it to be more than just a mundane activity; that it is an emergency broadcast. As he brushes his teeth, a loud beep is heard over the sound of the electric toothbrush, thus implying that this is the sound he hears when he brushes his teeth and is therefore imagining himself in an alternate reality. The last object close up that supports the greater message of mental illness is the close up of the cup of coffee during the last few scenes. Preceding this scene is the womans quick departure from their home; the narrative thus proving the man has a mental illness. She screams at him, writes him a note and takes off her wedding ring, though the man continues to chatter through it all, evidently ignoring reality to escape into whatever alternate world hes imagined for himself. He refuses to break from his alter-ego, never once stopping to talk to her about the current situation. Furthermore, the transition shot to the cup of coffee is a cross dissolves while the other transitions are predominantly cuts. This implies that this particular close up is an incredibly important one because it is the only scene in which the man faces the harsh reality of his wife leaving him. Lastly, this particular shot is a very important one in that the first few shot were of coffee brewing. One of these shots was of the coffee perk and of two cups, side by side, though by putting emphasis on this last shot, the filmmaker is implying that there will only be one cup of coffee from that point on and thus creating causality within the beginning and the end through this last close up. To conclude, though presented in a comedic tone, the subject matter of the short film is much darker than that: mental illness destroying a marriage. For the greater message to be transmitted, the filmmaker directed the attention of the viewers to the most important moments of the film through close ups of objects. These objects being in virtually every North-American household, the filmmaker was thus able to immerse his audience into the life of someone living with mental illness in context of their own lives. By acting out mundane activities such as waking up, brushing teeth and having breakfast with a person who suffers from an evident case of mental illness, the filmmaker was able to show, if only a glimpse, of what it is like to live with mental illness.

To buy or not to buy Essay Example For Students

To buy or not to buy Essay Men and women half-naked in some magazine articles. Words in ads such as easy as one, two, three, and it is tradition is some technique of advertising. Advertisers use subliminal messages to sell the product and give the illusion that if you buy their product then this will happen to you. Keeping that in mind, advertising has negative effects on teens, it changes their perspective on what is or is not. While reading through Cosmo magazine, I found an advertisement promoting the liquor Bacardi. Bacardi is a liquor that can be mixed with anything to add an alcoholic flavor. This ad has young adults dressed in Hawaiian shirts, plain white shirts, spaghetti strap t-shirts, and cut off shorts. These outfits send a message of being comfortable and casual. Each holding a different drink, such as daiquiris, Tom Collins, Pina Colodas. There are persons of different races, piled on top of one another no space between them. It is similar to the commercial where the college students try to break the record of how many people can fit in a telephone booth so they pile in leaving no space between them.This ad states cubicle by day; Bacardi by night. At the bottom of the ad it states this is a traditional drink since 1862. The message that is being constructed is that this alcoholic beverage has no boundaries, that drinking BACARDI gives freedom.This drink produces a friendship between co-workers, men and women no matter what differences they have being orientation, race, etc. The words cubicle by day and Bacardi by night makes it appear that you can come out of your confined work stringent cubicle that you are imprisoned in during the day, and with one drink of Bacardi become wild at night. It projects the image that you can drink Bacardi at night and leave all of your responsibilities and problems behind. We will write a custom essay on To buy or not to buy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Of course teens are intrigued by this ad. What is not intriguing about letting loose with friends after a hard day of work? But the question that should be asked is how are teens perceiving this? Teens might see this advertisement as something to look forward to when they begin to work. When they think of work, will they also think of alcohol. Who would not be appeased by mixing alcohol and work. These impressionable teens now picture work with alcohol, leaving an undesired work ethic for future employers who might want to hire them. This also promotes drinking as a way to relieve stress from deadlines, memos, projects, etc., that is associated with work. Advertisers know that we cannot drink our problems away but the illusion that we do drink our problems away is the message being sent. It is a problem that can lead to over drinking, and making people susceptible to alcoholism because they cannot face the problems associated with work.The message that you can have freedom and no bou ndaries with this drink is negative because a mature adult knows that with drinking there comes the responsibility of knowing your limit. The boundaries you have are not to do something stupid as to get yourself in trouble or be obnoxious to the point you are not wanted around. The fact that many young people have greater recognition of some alcohol beverage brand labels than of former US Presidents is assurance that advertising is influential. When advertising alcohol we should help young people regard the substance of alcohol as neutral neither inherently good nor inherently bad. What matters is how it is used, and we must convey by word and example that the abuse of alcohol is never humorous, acceptable, or excusable. .ua8a04dfbdd91189ffd04d92a27807928 , .ua8a04dfbdd91189ffd04d92a27807928 .postImageUrl , .ua8a04dfbdd91189ffd04d92a27807928 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua8a04dfbdd91189ffd04d92a27807928 , .ua8a04dfbdd91189ffd04d92a27807928:hover , .ua8a04dfbdd91189ffd04d92a27807928:visited , .ua8a04dfbdd91189ffd04d92a27807928:active { border:0!important; } .ua8a04dfbdd91189ffd04d92a27807928 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua8a04dfbdd91189ffd04d92a27807928 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua8a04dfbdd91189ffd04d92a27807928:active , .ua8a04dfbdd91189ffd04d92a27807928:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua8a04dfbdd91189ffd04d92a27807928 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua8a04dfbdd91189ffd04d92a27807928 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua8a04dfbdd91189ffd04d92a27807928 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua8a04dfbdd91189ffd04d92a27807928 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua8a04dfbdd91189ffd04d92a27807928:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua8a04dfbdd91189ffd04d92a27807928 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua8a04dfbdd91189ffd04d92a27807928 .ua8a04dfbdd91189ffd04d92a27807928-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua8a04dfbdd91189ffd04d92a27807928:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Catcher In The Rye Essay PhonyAnother magazine advertisement is Weight Watchers. In big bold letters they have Imagine you can eat anything you want and lose weight. That caught my attention, not to mention all the food; pizza, french fries, brownies surrounding the page. We were told foods such as pizza, french fries, and brownies would lead to weight gain, but now we can eat these foods and lose weight. Also there is a picture of the, Duchess of York, (I am going to put her name). A person in the public eye and who we have all seen and no at one time she was overweight, but know because of Weight Watchers she as lost weight. At the bottom of the page are the words easy a s one, two, three, which gives the false impression that you do not have to work at losing weight. We all want something easy, but nothing comes easy there is always a price. Young female teens especially buy into the illusion this ad is sending, because all young female teens want to be skinny as the society has shown that skinny women, seems to be what attracts the men and makes a person happy. With the medical research that is out there today, stating that some persons do not have the DNAto be skinny model type, but this ad is stating that your body build does not matter you can eat anything and lose weight. The famous person they use for the ad more than likely will have a personal trainer that workouts with her. They do not put that in the advertisement, because then losing weight would require work and it would not be easy as the states it is. This advertisement is destructive to the minds of young teens. It gives them the false impression that they will lose weight and be per ceived in the public eye as skinny. It they buy into the false advertisement and do not lose weight it could lower self-esteem and possible destroy and confidence they had in themselves. Female bodies are depicted in advertising imagery and the devasting effect of that imagery on womens health. Women want the thinness of the model and will do anything to achieve that goal even if it that means doing harm to their body. It could lead to anorexia, bulmia, or even depression. We should promote making our bodies healthy no matter the size. We can promote achieving healthy bodies by working out and ways to exercise at home without the expense of a gym. As well as promoting better eating habits along with an exercise program. Teach young adults that not everyone has the body structure to be thin, but with better eating habits you will have a healthier body. Furthermore, I have noticed the placement of these such brands that are preferred by adolescents occurs differentially in magazines with a high adolescent readership and is considered lower in magazines without a significant adolescent readership. Advertising encourages young teens to think that lifes problems are best solved with products. Along with promoting these such advertisements we should promote the health consequences. Bibliography: